Rapp - news June 2024

Still more figures.

Some new signs and figures that I use for my summerplace
map.

Some new signs and figures that I use for my summerplace
map.

Three road signs "Steep1", "Steep2" and "Car over bridge"
added to Proc Map.

Pressing Alt+R in Sred for the Replace screen stopped
working for me some time ago. Instead I got into an
application named Prestandaoverlay. If you get into this,
then stop it by pressing Alt+R again and click Replace
instead.

Still more flags added.

More flags added as symbols in Proc Map.

The Find and Replace menus of Sred have been
streamlined - when appropriate they are exited when
the job is done, rather than waiting for Esc.

In Proc Map a symbol in the Symbols() statement can
now be given as a file name.

A bug in Proc Taran with hierarchical credibility
has been corrected.

The restriction to max 50 variables in the infile to
Proc Hipseu has been lifted.

Proc Hipseu and the credibility menu of Rappmenus,
the hierarchical part, now admit arbitrary order in
the infile of the variables sector, group, exposure
and claim number/claim severity.

I have changed the working of Sreda:

@echo off
START /MIN CMD.EXE /C Sred %1 /a /ns /u

so that all files are opened in a new window.

I went back to having all special functions as parts
of Sred.c. The move to C:\Ckod\Cfuncs_s turned out to
make development more cumbersome. Anyway I have
ordered the functions in Sred.c alphabetically and
made them easier to find.

All special functions that were part of Sred.c have
been moved to Ckod\Cfuncs_s with one function in each
member. Sred.c is now much smaller and contains only
WinMain(),

The encryption menu now comes with a parameter file.

The menu below has been amended in several ways.

A menu for encryption and decryption of files has been
added in Sred.

Column numbers in Sred are now more stable when line
numbers are set on and off.

Sred now can present computation results in the form
999,999,999.

Sred now starts a file walk faster.

F2 and Shift+F2 on a file name in Sred will now open the
file, even if the folder is not included in the name. I felt
the need for this improvement while working with a Rapp
program for maps of my country home and surroundings.

Maximum four titles in Proc Map, raised from three.

Improved the way internet links are opened at F2.

A spelling error i Sred has been corrected. I have added
info about Puush, which can be used to take screenshots of
rectangular regions.

2022-04-17. A bug at SaveAs in the search-and-list
application of Sred has been fixed.

I have included the following explanation in the context
menu for Show F-keys in Sred:
If the computer has dedicated certain F-keys to uses for
special purposes, for example F2 to regulate the loud-speaker
volume, you can repeal those uses by pressing a key named
Fn Lock, or, if not found, the keys Esc and Fn at the same
time. I might not work on all computers.

My site is now secure, so http://www.stigrosenlund.se
has been changed to https://www.stigrosenlund.se
everywhere in Rappmenus and Sred.

A SaveAs dialog has been added to the search-and-list
application of Sred.

The search-and-list application of Sred has been
augmented.

A bug has been corrected in search-and-list of both
Rapp and Sred.

Now a better progress report in the search-and-list
panel of Sred.

The search-and-list panel has been improved.

A search-and-list panel for files on the computer
generally has been added to Sred.

A static columns strip has been added to Sred.

The line numbers shown in Sred have been off with
one or more for large files at scrolling with the
vertical scroll list. That has been fixed.

A bug/feature in the coloring of C#-programs has
been corrected in Rappmenus and Sred.

The colors of Sred have been slightly changed to
conform more to the ones of the Mbasic editor.

A few more wrinkles in Sred have been ironed out.

I have added that CTC, which made SPF, has folded,
in Rapp-pr.pdf, Rappmane.doc and Rappmane.pdf. I
will continue to use SPF as long as it works.

The symbol at the text insertion point in Sred now
functions more smoothly.

Some improvements in the informational windows of
Sred.

Some improvements in Rapp, Rappmenus and Sred.
Several infiles admitted in Proc Sort and the Sort
choice in Rappmenus / Utilities. Sort in Sred can be
restricted to an interval of lines with blue-marking.

Syntax colors for C# introduced in Rappmenus / Mbasic
editor, and in Sred at Ctrl+P and Ctrl+Q.

An imperfection in the line number display of Sred
has been corrected.

Sred starts somewhat quicker. Rappmenus / black
windows for Rapp runs can be exited with Esc.

Proc Compar now has an option to convert pdf's to text
before comparison. Rappmenus / Utilities / Compare
will always make this conversion.

Button Textflow introduced in Sred / Replace.

Sred has been equipped with two yellow buttons to run
the edit content as a program for one of two exes or bat
files, chosen by the user.

An Mba program without extent .Rpp or .Mba can be
run with Rapp, if its first line has the first word digits.

I have changed Appendix 12 in the manual to the
coming online article in SACT, with a few lines added
on the application of hierarchical credibility in Rapp.

More help screens for Sred.

A new proc Pseu and an associated menu in
Rappmenus for freestanding non-hierarchical
credibility have been added.

RAM determination in Rapp has been simplified. Files
Antmb.Txt or Antmb64.Txt are no longer used.

The menu system Rappmenus has been corrected.
Parameters in submenus "Files and folders" and "Files"
did not transfer to the menu above, which meant that
only default parameters coud be used. That is now fixed.
A user might for example want to change the template
Rpp program for "Reserves" to another one doing some
more things.

A bug in Proc Taran concerning credibility is corrected.
The proc had not correctly translated formulas (7.5)-(7.7)
in "Credibility pseudo-estimators", SACT 2018, to
program code.

More improvements in Sred. Replace can now be
done upwards, like Find.

More improvements in Sred.

Some improvements in Sred, concerning wandering
through files. A list of coming files is given before
they are opened. From the list a file coming later
can be selected instead of the next one.

Some bugs in Sred, concerning wandering through
files, have been corrected.

Some more additions to Sred to make it an omnibus
tool for wandering through files in a folder, opening
then with associated programs or with Sred.

Some additions to Sred. Proc Compar has been
augmented with an option for case independent
comparison. The proc is much better than the built-in
Command Prompt command Fc, I would say. I have
worked with it a great deal, since it is an important
tool to keep track of different versions of my functions.

The non-editable line numbers in Sred are now turned
on and off with a checkbox. The buttons for the order
while going through files with Next and Previous
have been replaced with checkboxes.

Non-editable line numbers left of the text have
been introduced in Sred. They can be turned off
with menu choice 'Toggle linenos'.

I have changed buttons and text in Rappmenus so
they are more legible.

I have made new versions of Rapp32Vc2017.Exe,
though I said below that I wouldn't. Bug corrections
should be made also in that program. Since I probably
will find more bugs, there will probably be more
versions of it in the future as well.

Rappmenus is now converted to C#, with all texts
and boxes adapted to Windows 10. The texts are
legible but some are very small. They can be read
with a magnifying glass. The adaptation could
have been done in Visual Basic, but since that
software might be retired in the future, it was
best to do it in C#.

It is now more necessary than before to delete
   C:\Users\Youruser\AppData\Local\Rappmenus
before using the new Rappmenus.

Fixed two bugs in Proc Compar for comparing files.

I have corrected a major flaw in Rappmenus / Mbasic
editor and am working with other parts, now in C#.

I used the free ICSharpCode to convert the Visual
Basic code of Rappmenus to C#. It went well. I only
had to fix three syntax errors and two functional
errors, ie Rappmenus ran but produced the wrong
output in two cases. The menus were equally garbled
as from Visual Basic. I will now rework all menus so
they look right in my computer, and hope they will
look right in other computers as well.

There is now an option in Sred to remove the symbol
at the text insertion point. And to set scale and vertical
offset for the symbol manually, to override the Sred
parameters if necessary.

Sred has been adjusted to work in Windows 10.
The symbol at the text insertion point might still
not be placed right under certain circumstances. It
has to do with the scale of the computer and its DPI
(dots per inch). The problem is general. It affects
Rappmenus also. In my new computer I changed the scale
from 250% to 200% to make it workable, although still
garbled. I have run a program to convert Rappmenus from
Visual Basic to C#, but I have not started to work on
it. I hope C# will fix it. - The problem affects programs
in general, for example those made by Adobe.

A printable pdf can be made in Sred with a new button.

Sred can be used as a calculator, with functions
such as sin() etc.

The icons on buttons in Sred.Exe have been changed.

Rapp.Exe, Rapp32Vc2017.Exe and Sred.Exe are now
made in Windows 10. In the zip files, subfolder Pgm,
are RappWin7.Exe, Rapp32Vc2017Win7.Exe and
SredWin7.Exe, which are the last versions made in
and for Windows 7. There will be no more versions
of Rapp32Vc2017.Exe. RappWin7.Exe gives a few
garbled results when run in Windows 10. Rappmenus
has not been changed. Its texts, input boxes,
etc, are somewhat changed in an undesirable way
in Windows 10. A new build of it with Visual
Studio 2019 in Windows 10 did not give better
results. I had to change scale and layout in
Settings / System from 125% to 100% to get still
garbled but workable menus in Rappmenus.Exe and
Sred.Exe. After getting a new computer in a week
or so, replacing my old one from 2014, I will
build Rappmenus again to see if it will be
better.

Rappmenus.Exe can now be used to open files in the
Explorer with the Mbasic editor.

Sred.Exe now has text- and background color.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing / txt now has
the possibility to press F6 to enter a file or a folder,
provided the text file is opened with Sred.

Sred.Exe has been improved, among other things with
menu choices Next and Prev for opening the next and
previous file, respectively, in the Explorer file list.

A Notepad-like texteditor har been included in the
zip files. It is used in Rappmenus and can also be
used free-standing. It is named Sred.Exe.

All menus in Rappmenus can now be exited with Esc.
Hex codes on the form 0xhh...hh are accepted for
Find and Replace in Rappmenus / Mbasic editor.

Proc Hipseu has been somewhat improved.

While trying out new hierarchical credibility pseudo-
estimators, I made a change that was problematic. I
have restored them to what they were in September.

I have fixed some memory leakage problems. You
would have noticed them only if had used Rapp for
long running simulations. That is how I found them.
There are probably memory leakages in Rapp that
have not yet been found. The lost memory is not
restored when Rapp leaves a procedure and enters
a new one, but when the whole Rapp program ends
the memory is restored.

A bug has been corrected in Rappmenus / Utilities.

Rappmenus / Mbasic editor can now be used to open
files like in the Dialog box mentioned below.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing / Dialog box
below Run button now gives colored search results.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing / Dialog box
below Run button now lists up to ten lines with
search results for each file with such results.

A malfunction in Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing
with many folder patterns corrected. File and folder
names in Rappmenus / Utilities can now have any
number of left parentheses and any number of right
parentheses, which do not need to be equal.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing improved to
search text content in pdf- and ps-files. MiKTeX
command ps2ascii is used. MiKTeX has been
recommended for Rapp from the start.

A bug has been corrected regarding existence tests for
files. Files with an empty first line were erroneously
identified as empty.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing improved to
work better as eg media player.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Change all and Disk listing:
Some changes to wildcards for folders. Right-click
on those boxes for info.

Proc Compar and Rappmenus / Utilities / Compare
have been improved, to give comparisons of pdf files
treated as text files.

More power to find folders and files in Rappmenus /
Utilities / Disk listing. I use it daily for developing
Rapp and for private purposes. It can find files with
certain strings in the file name or in the content.
Content search works for file content that can be read
with a text editor, such as text written in Word and in
source code for C, R, Visual Basic etc. File name
patterns can be used, for example, to locate recordings
of Beethoven works among your wav files. Movies
likewise. Works faster and better than the Windows
built-in tools. Pressing F2 opens the file for listening
or viewing in the window provided. Rapp can thus
effectively be used as a media player.

Adjustments to Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing.

Mbasic programs without Proc Mbasic and Endproc
can be run if the they have extent .Mba. An icon
for such programs is added if Assoc.Bat is created
and run after unpacking the zipfile Rapp.zip.

Rappmenus / Utilities has now an option to make
printable pdf files from text files.

Proc Compar has been improved. For text files the
proc aims to find the longest sequence of matching
lines in old file and new file and to list the lines
outside of this sequence. This is not a trivial problem.
If you find a counter-example, with two files where
the longest such sequence is not what follows from
the proc's listing, the send me a mail with those files.

A lecture on reserving is now on the Rapp start page,
right under the video and pdf lecture on tariff analysis.

Monthly varying interest rates were more difficult
than I thought. Yet another bug has been corrected.

Some colors in Rappmenus / Reserves have been
adjusted. Download Rpp\TemplateR.Rpp again.

Calculations with monthly varying interest rates will
now give recomputed values to 'now' and to 'then' in
the same sheets as calculations with a fixed interest
rate in the output Excel file.

I have changed the discounting with interest rates in
Reserves. Before there were one rate for the past and
one rate for the future. That did not work right. Now
only one fixed interest rate is admitted. Calculations
made with the same rate for past and future will now
give the same results, however. In particular this
holds for calculations with zero interest rates.
Calculations with monthly varying interest rates will
now compute reserves from undiscounted increments,
but recomputed values to 'now' (end of the latest
claim period) and to 'then' (the period when the claim
occurred) will still be given in the first sheet of the
resulting Excel file. These values will now be more
correct.

Rappmenus / Reserves option Recompute has been
corrected. Argument values were not always given
correctly before. For example, Rapp could state Region
10 when Region 11 was correct.

Rappmenus / Simple triangle based reserves and Reserves
have been augmented to give partial totals.

A small bug in Rappmenus / Utilities has been corrected.
Send me a mail if you wish to know what the bug was.

Rappmenus / Simple triangle based reserves has been
corrected. Sometimes it gave reports, that were not wrong
but unnecessarily complicated. Now always simple. Some
parmfiles and data have been altered or added.

Rappmenus / Simple triangle based reserves has been
augmented with an option to create a basic parmfile for
Reserves (the more complex menu). This parmfile can then
be developed to a parmfile with a more complex application.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing has been augmented
to admit listing folders directly below the root with all
space in folders below that summed to the one directly
below the root. Files are listed under that one with their
full paths. Example: Disklisting_example.jpg. I made this
for my own use, since I have wondered what occupies all
space on C:\ when I have only used below 10 GB for my
personal use, excluding downloaded programs. Well, the
downloaded programs Cubase (names with Steinberg)
and Photoshop Elements take a lot of space. Still, about
200 GB is unexplained. I guess it is mostly for system
recovery capability.

A small error in Assumption 6 of Cpse4manual.pdf
is pointed out in a last section. I have not corrected
Assumption 6 itself.

I have developed new hierarchical credibility pseudo-
estimators for ν² and τ². They have been included as
an option in Proc Taran multiclass. Also a new Proc
Hipseu with a simple framework is available and
implemented in Rappmenus. The output gives scale
invariant estimators which I call ν₀² and τ₀². Also
a scale invariant estimator σ₀² is given.

A video lecture I made on tariff analysis is available on
the Rapp page.

A bug corrected in hierarchical credibility computation of
the between-sectors variance component τ².

"Credibility pseudo-estimators" is now on paper in
Scandinavian Actuarial Journal 2018:9.

Syntax colors in the Rappmenus / Mbasic editor can now be
freely chosen, including other background colors than white.

The Rappmenus / Mbasic editor now admits user defined
syntax coloring, determined by file extent.

I have been asked: Would Rapp be faster if made in C++?
The answer is No. It would be slower. A new entry at the
bottom of the Rapp page explains why.

The Rappmenus / Mbasic editor now admits the use of
F7 and F8 to scroll the screen up or down a page (one
more line than PageUp or PageDown), a halfpage or an
arbitrary number of lines. This adds another emulation
of the SPF editor. Look for the box labeled P/H.

The Rappmenus / Mbasic editor now has a Goto (line
number) box to navigate in the edited text.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing, with Find strings,
now admits searching whole words. I stated before that
the check box Renew? in Change all is deprecated
(i.e. it works but I advise against its use) due to the
checkbox R? in Disk listing. This was not exactly true,
since whole word search was not possible in Disk listing.
That has now been fixed.

To those who are interested in the C source code of Rapp:
All functions with xlm in their names have been replaced
by functions with xml in their names. These are more
structured, although still somewhat messy. They serve
the communication between Rapp and Excel.

Better colors in Rappmenus Excel output. Replace
   C:\Rapp\Rpp\TemplateB.Rpp
   C:\Rapp\Rpp\TemplateT.Rpp

Rappmenus / Utilities / Copy folders enhanced with a
new copying mode 8 that is not exactly necessary. Since
Rapp is my hobby, I have added it for fun. However, I
never add non-necessary functionality that would
jeopardize old well-functioning applications.

A bug corrected in Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing.

Rappmenus / Utilities has been amended again to cover
more of my needs as software developer.

New Proc Copyfo for copying folders and corresponding
option in Rappmenus / Utilities.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing enhanced.

A bug corrected in Rappmenus / Reserves.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing somewhat amended.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Change all and Disk listing should
now cover all date-time formats.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Change all and Disk listing have
been amended to cover more date-time formats beside
ISO. Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, UK and US English are
covered. I have not covered Korean, among others. If there
is a need, then tell me.

Rappmenus / Utilities / Disk listing and space computation
has been amended to a general purpose tool for searching
folders and files.

The infile boxes in Rappmenus / Reserves have been
moved to front from submenu Files and folders. Existing
parmfiles will place the infiles there. The triangle infiles
come first. Their priority is clearly stated.

In Proc Init the folder name tempmapp can now contain
blanks. This might be useful under some workplace rules
for allocations of computer disk.

Some malfunctions fixed in Utilities. Change all and
Disk space computation are now faster for some cases.

A new menu Utilities has been added to Rappmenus.

The guest book at the bottom of the Rapp page has been
removed due to a lack of interest.

Interest rates that fluctuate each month can now be used for
any period length. A bug due to the introduction of such
interest rates has been corrected.

Interest rates that fluctuate each month can now be used for
period-lengths month, tertial, quarter, half-year and year.
Initially only month was covered.

New Proc Diskcm for computing space on disk added to
Rapp.Exe. A somewhat extraneous functionality for Rapp,
but one I recently needed and took time to develop,
although you certainly can find such applications on
the internet.

Proc Chaall augmented with parameter Folders().

A bug preventing Include of a file after N first on a line in
a Rapp program has been fixed.

The menu "Text editor for, in particular, Mbasic and Rapp."
in Rappmenus has been simplified. Replace both Rapp.Exe
and Rappmenus.Exe.

Improved reading of complex numbers, arrays in Proc Mbasic.

Some bugs in the new functionality described below have been
fixed.

Output from Rappmenus / Reserves has been simplified for
the case that only one of Incurred and Paid is used. That is, if
either choice Sim/Paid/Incurred at the left side of the menu
somewhat below the middle is set to I or P, or only one of the
Paid and Incurred infiles is given. Then it is easier to interpret
the created Excel file. Replace C:\Rapp\Rpp\TemplateR.Rpp
as well as the exe files.

Output from Rappmenus / Triangle based simple reserves has
been amended. Replace C:\Rapp\Rpp\TemplateS.Rpp as well
as the exe files.

I have simplified Rappmenus.Exe and Rapp.Exe. Replace both.
The new Rapp.Exe will not work with the old Rappmenus.Exe.
Old parmfiles with national characters �, �, �, �, �, � and
some more will need to be corrected in the menus and saved.
If the national characters are not part of variable names, only
texts in the output will be affected if you do not correct them.
Parmfiles are now more easily edited, if one wants to do that.

A bug affecting choice Recompute in Rappmenus / Reserves
has been corrected.

Sort of array in descending order introduced in Mbasic.

Interest rates that fluctuate each month can now be used for
discounting in Rappmenus / Reserves, instead of a fixed
interest rate.

My article "Credibility pseudo-estimators" is now online in
Scandinavian Actuarial Journal. A link is on cv.htm.
It has been incorporated in the manual as Appendix 2 with the
name Cpse4manual.Pdf. Apart from the third appendix in the
article, the content is what has been published.
One change in notation from Cps4manual.Pdf is that μ_k now
is the mean for Auxiliary n:o k, while before μ_j was the mean
for group j. The old μ_j is now μ_{k_j} where k_j is the Auxiliary
value for j.

The menu "Text editor for, in particular, Mbasic and Rapp."
in Rappmenus now has faster syntax coloring.

Rappmenus is now made with Visual Basic in Visual Studio 2017.
I cannot see a speed increase from the 2010 version.

New parameter Wholeword in Proc Chaall.

An editor for Mbasic and Rapp is now in Rappmenus.

Some restrictions for the use of the function sympostest() lifted.

Rapp now compiled with Microsoft Visual C++ 2017. I cannot
see an increase in speed of execution from the 2015 version,
but there might be other benefits.

Function sympostest() introduced in Proc Mbasic.

Proc Taran is now somewhat faster for a large number (greater
than about 1250) of free parameters, due to meticulous choice of
inversion algorithm depending on the size of the Fisher information
matrix.

One more matrix inversion algorithm added in Proc Matrix and
Proc Mbasic - the Householder method, which might be useful
for some dense matrices.

Recently I waded out in too deep water for me by trying to
parallelize matrix multiplication. I just discovered that it
had unwanted consequences, so all forced parallelization is now
removed. If you downloaded the Rapp exes in September you
might have obtained unwanted results.

Proc Mbasic has now more printing options.

In Proc Mbasic a bug concerning output of arrays to print files
has been corrected.

Some complex operations made faster and/or more accurate after
implementation of "Numerical Recipes in C", � 5.4. Complex
square root added.

In Proc Mbasic a bug, that disabled Redim and declarations with
variables as dimension limits for complex arrays, has been fixed.

Array and matrix operations in Proc Mbasic extended to complex
arrays. Only LU decomposition is presently implemented for
complex matrix inversion. The keyword complex is now required
for complex variables and arrays - eg "mouble A[4][4] complex"
is now not the same as "mouble A[4][4][2]". There were too many
ambiguities to admit the new functionality without the requirement.

Arithmetical operations for arrays beyond matrices introduced
in Proc Mbasic.

Some malfunctions (not exactly bugs) fixed in Proc Mbasic.

Some more bugs fixed in Proc Mbasic, concerning negations
of matrices and complex variables.

A bug fixed, which affected running Rapp with parameter CHA.
Type Rapp /? in the command prompt for parameters to Rapp.

Yet another bug fixed in Proc Mbasic, which made identifier
names with only one character sometimes invalid.

Proc Ddist has been much generalized to sums of independent
but not necessarily identically distributed random variables
with a discrete distribution. Multiprecision computation of
values and probabilities is also enabled.

I put the source code out in the open as a zip file and an
open letter on the maintenance of Rapp.

Proc Ddist has been somewhat generalized.

Proc Chaall now handles a practically unlimited number of
changes and text files with practically unlimited line length.

New Proc Ddist for the distribution of a sum of IID random
variables with a discrete distribution.

A bug fixed in Proc Mbasic / bindist() and bindistc().

Proc Calend, which has existed a few years, is now described
in the manual.

Appendix 2 in the manual is now named Cps4manual.Pdf.
An error in the expression for bias-corrected risk premium
on p. 24 now denoted (C5) has been corrected. The article
is reworked for more clarity and ease of understanding.

The cubic equation x³ + A x² + B x + C = 0 can now be
solved with the function cube() in Proc Mbasic.

A bug fixed in Proc Mbasic / read statement when several
variables are read from the same input line.

A bug fixed in Proc Mbasic / sort statement. A mouble
array with both positive and negative elements was
incorrectly sorted before this correction.

Complex variables can now be treated in Proc Mbasic.
Please notify me if you find bugs.

A bug fixed in Proc Mbasic / gamdistinvc().

Some more variants of inverse functions added.

Inverses for the Γ- and χ² distributions now in Proc Mbasic.

Inverses for the beta-, binomial and F-distributions available
in Proc Mbasic. The t inverse har now full mouble precision.

Proc Linreg has been augmented to give β_j coefficients under
the assumption that α = 0.

A bug fixed in Reserves / Files and folders / Sort and complete
and in the template program TemplateR.rpp. Thanks to Rinjani!

In Proc Mbasic I have changed the order of the arguments
for fdist() and fdistc(). The t-distribution is now named
tdist() and its inverse tdistinv(). The inverse is now more
exact. New names for the β and binomial distributions.

The binomial and Poisson distribution functions added to
Proc Mbasic.

The χ² and β distribution functions added to Proc Mbasic.

Modified Bessel functions I_v(x), K_v(x) added to Proc Mbasic.

More flexibility in Mbasic array handling.

A bug in Mbasic handling of conditions corrected. More
flexibility in conditional expressions.

The same Bessel functions now available in mouble with max
precision 306 decimal digits.

Bessel functions J_v(x) and Y_v(x) now available in Proc Mbasic,
although at present only in double.

ψ(x) = Psi(x) = d log(Gamma(x))/dx = Gamma'(x)/Gamma(x)
now available in Proc Mbasic.

The Gamma distribution function now available in Proc Mbasic.

Slightly enhanced functionality in the print and read statements
of Proc Mbasic. More explanations of how the Gamma function
is computed.

Rapp32Vc2015.Exe replaces Rapp32Vc2013.Exe due to new
compiler and linker.

A bug in Gam() and Loggam() in Proc Mbasic corrected.
(Since the proc is so new, it is unlikely that all bugs have been
corrected by now. Any help to discover more bugs would be
very welcome.)

The Γ function is now available in mouble in Proc Mbasic,
however with maximal precision 306 decimal digits.

Another bug corrected in Proc Mbasic.

Bugs corrected in Reserves / RDC. Thanks to Rinjani Pebriawan!

Some improvements in Rappmenus / Reserves following
experiences by Rinjani Pebriawan at Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Imperfections in Mbasic handling of conditions corrected.

Variants of Rapp.Exe for up to 9000 correct decimal digits
now available in Rapp All-In-One zip file

New Proc Mbasic. Look in the manual. Excerpts:
Mbasic is a mathematical language within the language Rapp.
M in Mbasic stands for Multiple precison, ie you choose the
number of correct decimal digits up to 306 for a data type
called mouble. The common double data type with an 8-byte
storage is also available. Also M stands for Matrix Basic,
since it has powerful matrix operations. You can largely use
the same syntax as in classical Basic (such as For / Next,
Gosub etc). Some C syntax is also employed.

New choice in Rappmenus /Reserves / Files and folders to let
Rapp make a line with Paydt = Reportdt for each claim if none
exists. The files will be sorted on ID also.

More explanations on grouping in quantile intervals in RDC,
in Appendix 6 of Rappmane.doc and the sheet Paid in Excel.

2015-09-12. Yet another bug in RDC, discovered while working
with Mujiati and Ari, has been corrected. Thanks to them again!
MSEP now yet somewhat smaller.

2015-09-08. After the invention of a superfast method of sorting,
the execution time for RDC mentioned below is reduced so that
it is now about 26 % longer than before with many quantiles.

A bug in the computation of quantiles, affecting Proc Percen
and the computation of reserves with the RDC method, has
been corrected. Thanks to Mujiati Dwi Kartikasari and Ari
Dwi Hartanto at Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta,
Indonesia, who discovered the bug! Execution time for RDC
is now somewhat longer by about 30 %, which is noticeable
in BICH. On the other hand, the more precise computation of
quantiles gives a smaller MSEP for RDC.

Still newer pseudo-estimators in credibility. See manual,
search 2015-07-27.

A bug corrected in credibility.

Somewhat new pseudo-estimators in credibility. The manual, its
Appendix 2 and the output from Rapp / Proc Taran are now
consistent with each other, I hope.

New parameters Leftfoot(), Rightfoot(), Lefthead(), Righthead()
for Procs Graf and Map. They display on all pages.

New parameter Landscape for Procs Graf and Map. Also as
checkboxes in the menus.

Parameter sort() in Proc Data now accepts /D for descending.

Yet another bug with parameter quick corrected. I hope I have
now corrected all bugs there, and most bugs elsewhere in Rapp.

Parameter quick or q to Procs Match and Sum is reinserted.
The bug mentioned below has been corrected.

Rapp /? on the command line now gives usages.

Some "features" (malfunctioning in extreme cases) have been
corrected in procs Map and Svg2co.

New submenu Svg2co in menu Maps.

The time measurement of procs is augmented so that both the
calendar time elapsed and consumed CPU are stated.

Rapp is now made with MSVC 2013. The name of the 32-bit Rapp
is changed from Rapp32Vc2010e.Exe to Rapp32Vc2013.Exe.

Info for those interested in the forthcoming Rapp Open Source
project: I have tried the Intel C^� Compiler and its linker. They
did not give faster execution speed than Microsoft's compiler and
linker MSVC. Since all other compilers are said to be slower than
MSVC, this means that Rapp will continue to be made with MSVC.

TempMonthCl modified to delete only files older than 14 days.
This will eliminate the risk of collisions between two or more
Rapp programs run simultaneously, where one will create temp
files and another one will try to delete them before they have
been used.

Parameter TempMonthCl for monthly cleanup of tempmapp added
to Proc Init.

German language - at lan(d) in Proc Init - now also for BICH and
Reserves. Please notify me if you spot some error in my German.

Some improvement in the layout of the menus in Rappmenus.

From the experiences in the Tariff Analysis workshop November
2014 in Bandung and Yogyakarta, Indonesia:
Better documentation and elimination of the nuisance x as second
argument to Rapp in the Command Prompt. The x could be
eliminated through an environment variable i Br.Bat.

Parameter quick or q to Procs Match and Sum deleted. I discovered
it caused bugs for large files in memory.

More functionality in the menu Maps, with roads etc.

New Proc Ovelim for eliminating policy period overlaps.

New functionality for the procs Coofil and Svg2co that make
coordinate files for Proc Map.

Reserving manual Resvmane.doc has been updated.

A feature, concerning use of a Schnieper exposure file and premium
file for Benktander and Cape Cod at selection by segments, has been
augmented. Affects menus "BICH stochastic reserving", "Reserves"
and "Triangle based simple reserves".

A simple menu for reserves, using aggregated triangle data, is
now available.

Liu & Verrall (2009) prediction errors reinserted in procs Restri
and Bich. Aggregated triangle or list data can now be used in
menu Reserves. (Press button "Files and folders".) The BICH
prediction errors are the best if more than a few claims are
reported in the first development period, but I recognize that
BICH is not always possible.

Rapp.rar deleteted. Use rappexes.htm to download new exes.

A bug in the menus' graph-making corrected.

A menu Maps is now available in Rappmenus.Exe.

The Rapp package is now available in rar form on the AllInOne page.

Input from text files augmented so that all files, including such that
might have been transferred from Mac or Unix, are read corerctly.

New Proc Matrix for matrix determinant computation, inversion,
multiplication and transpose.

Non-pseudo tau�-estimators in my credibility method. Search
2014-02-26 in Rappmane.doc.

An elaboration on BICH, motivated by a question at my lecture at
the Swedish Actuarial Association on 2013-10-22, is now available as
Booreserve.Pdf on the CV page cv.htm.

Some details in the computation of RDC/RBNS/GLM statreserves fixed.
Fetch Rpp\TemplateR.Rpp and the exes of Pgm\ again from one of the
zip files.

The reserve method RDC used in the procs Restri and Bich has been
augmented by grouping quantile indices so that each has at least
one finalized claim. Previously some open claims could receive
reserve 0.

More details now appear in the map made by Map-Sweden2.Rpp, using
more and augmented files in Mapdata. An addition to Proc Svg2co.

Some refinements to the creation and display of Pdf files.

Proc Map: Overlaying of areas and lines in strict order of appearance.

Proc Comerg: New parameter Bordersplit for splitting borders by which
areas share them. Proc Comerg thus both merges and splits geographical
units.

Proc Map: Some new functionality, such as arbitrary rgb/hsb-colors
everywhere. Variable placement of symbol texts. The text is now
placed as closely to the symbol as is possible without obscuring it.

LW, LT and symbolheight in Proc Map can be given as real-world meters.

An error in Proc Map corrected. The parameters LW and LT are stated in
the manual as giving widths in millimeters on A4-paper, but gave in fact
smaller widths than that. C:\Rapp\Rpp\Map-Sweden.Rpp and some files
in C:\Rapp\Mapdata have now adjusted width parameters. Symbolheights
have also been adjusted to give the right heigths in millimeters.

External PostScript figures can now be used as logos and symbols.

Up to six pie charts on the same page in the procs Graf and Grafb.
Previously up to two.

New Proc Grafb. Arbitrary RGB-colors in pos[ ] and patterns
L1, L2, X2 in pie charts in Proc Graf.

Adapt.Exe could malfunction sometimes. Now fixed.

Some additions to and explanations of logo().

All-In-One package with all that is normally needed available.

New Proc Gpdml for ML-estimates in the Generalized Pareto distribution.

Swedish manual Rappman.doc and 2006 C 32-bit compiled program
discontinued. Use English manual Rappmane.doc. Use Rapp32Vc2010e.Exe
in a 32-bit environment.

A bug corrected in Proc Chaall. The proc is now language independent.

More functionality in Proc Chaall.

More development of my credibility method.

Somewhat different credibility analysis by my method. See Appendix 2.

Liu & Verrall (2009) prediction errors discontinued in Proc Bich.

Userfil() added to Rappmenus.

New parameter Colcomb() in Proc Excel.

User factors can replace GLM factors.

GLM smoothing of stat reserves in Reserves.

Informative menu coloring. Eg turquoise for parameters applicable only
to RDC.

More discounting parameters in Reserves.

New proc Xlmerg. Enhanced Excel output in Bich and Reserves.

New parameters for inflation adjustment and discounting added in Bich
and Reserves, with labels shown in red.

Zipped templates and testdata added to subpage Rapp exes.

Rappmenus / Data mangling: A bug corrected and more flexibility included.

All VB applications merged into Rappmenus.Exe.

A new VB application Datameny.Exe is now available.

Proc Durber pername now in the form YYYYMMDD also for 360-day periods
starting at YYYY0101.

A documentation on how to use Acrobat Distiller for making PDF-files
now included in the manuals.

Tariff analysis now included in Visual Basic applications.

The Resv*.Exe are not needed any longer. Download the right Rapp*.Exe,
Reservmeny.Exe, Reservbich.Exe and ParmVbTemplate.Txt in examples.txt
again.

Reserve applications, including new menu for bootstrap stochastic
reserving, moved to subpage.

Reservmeny.Exe somewhat improved.

Bornhuetter-Ferguson, Benktander(-Hovinen) and Cape-Cod reserving
methods introduced in the procs Bich and Restri. Also available in
Reservmeny.Exe.

A new Windows menue reserve application is now avaliable as
Reservmeny.Exe. See Resvmane.doc.

Proc Bich now admits 11 user given percentiles which overtake
the sequence 0.5 1.0 5.0 10.0 25.0 50.0 75.0 90.0 95.0 99.0 99.5

The RDC algorithm in Proc Bich and Proc Restri is now more efficient and
admits a larger number of claim- and development periods without
intolerable delay. E.g. nine years and monthly periods up to and
including 2011 give 108 periods. For a case with about 100,000 consumer
insurance claims this takes 1 minute on a 400 EUR 64-bit machine from May
2011. The same business for 17 years in monthly periods up to and incl
2011, with about 186,000 claims, gives 204 periods. This takes 9 minutes.
The number of quantiles q₀ was 500.

Appendix 6 in Rappmane.doc will appear in ASTIN Bulletin, thus giving
scientific legitimacy to Proc Bich and the reserving method RDC.

Application Resv now admits four arguments A1-A4.

SPF like comparison of text files in Proc Compar.

More and better XML-files in application Resv.

Proc Percen now much faster than before 2012-02-04.

Proc Bich new parameters graf-akt and graf-boo.

Proc Reschl new parameters Kilo, Mega, Blanksep.

Proc Bich new parameter Inx-method().

Proc Map new parameter Meterperunit().

Application Resv now admits Schnieper and RDC.

Proc Bich Schnieperexposure default changed.

Proc Bich now gives analytical prediction errors devised by Liu & Verrall
(2009) for the Schnieper (1991) method.

Proc Reschl, change of used triangle elements in GLM.

The method of
   "Separating true IBNR and IBNER claims"
by R. Schnieper, Astin Bulletin 1991, vol 21(1), p. 111-127, introduced
in the procs Bich and Restri.

New parameter Excelproepilog() in Proc Init to make Proc Excel hopefully
last longer.

Proc Excel augmented to make informative Excel spreadsheets, useful for
Excel calculus, from more text file reports produced by Rapp. Such as
Xutfil() from Proc Reschl and Utfil(), Uttri() from Proc Bich.

Proc Bich equipped with the new reserving method
    RDC = Reserve by Detailed Conditioning
See Appendix 6 in Rappmane.doc. Output from RDC calculus can be taken as
input to Proc Reschl and made into Excel spreadsheets and PDF graphs.